Perceptions Of Attitudes Towards Statistics - 1741 Words

2 Background In this section, we discuss the current literature available pertaining to attitudes towards statistics along with the theoretical perspective on certain aspects of attitudes, statistical reasoning, and the statistics education reform movement in order to determine what role attitudes toward statistics may have on secondary level mathematics teachers who teach statistics. Firstly, we provide a literature review on teacher’s attitudes toward statistics followed by a discussion on the two aspects of attitudes towards statistics. Afterward, the reform movement in statistics education is discussed alongside with the recommendations given by GAISE for the reform movement. With developing statistical reasoning being a major goal of statistics learning we discuss it before we finally discuss the construction of the framework of attitude for our instrument. 2.1 Literature about Attitudes toward statistics In the current literature available, we found that Martins, Estrada, and Nascimento analyzed subjective data which revealed negative attitudes towards statistics in various aspects of elementary Portuguese teachers (2012). The two aspects are the pedagogical and the anthropological aspect which each aspect has three components. These aspects helped reveal the negative attitude towards the usefulness of statistics to understand the world as well as the use of statistics outside and inside the classroom. The fact that attitudes can be positive or negativeShow MoreRelatedMinority Attitudes Towards the Police and Public Perceptions Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesQuantitative Literature Review: Minority attitudes towards the police and public perceptions Introduction-Background-Problem Individuals who seem to be more unhappy with police are African Americans. But there is little to no factors that truly engage citizens view of the police Brown and Benedict (2002). The specific parts on attitudes are reliable, but the literature seems to lead to mixed signals based on other variables Weitzer and Tuch (2002). Perceptions of the police includes factors like personalRead MorePublic Perceptions Of Climate Change And Energy Futures1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Energy Futures in Britain survey (herein Perceptions 2010), was a national quantitative sample survey undertaken by Ipsos MORI on behalf of Cardiff University throughout England, Scotland and Wales. 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In this case, I chose to analyze the research conducted by Hurst, McDermott, and Thomas (2005) titled, â€Å"The attitudes of girls toward the police: differences by race.† Some of the things I will look to analyze are: to identifying the purpose of the article, the problem, the design of the study, the operational design of the study, look to identify if any inductive andRead MoreArticle Review: Consumer Behavior in Shopping Center Choice1133 Words   |  5 Pagesthose of other multivariate statistics techniques including multiple regression, path analysis and factor analysis. Other statistics techniques could not take into consideration the interaction effects among dependent and independent variables. Therefore, a method that can examine a series of dependence relationships simultaneously is helpful in addressing complicated managerial and behavioral issues. 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Financial Market Institutes-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Provide 2 Australian examples of Financial Products that were issued in the last 5 years that failed where there was discussion (following the product failure) that investors were misled in relation to the credit ratings provided for the issued products. 2.Comment on the changes made by Credit ratings agencies in their ratings processes since the GFC. 3.In your opinion, have these changes gone far enough in preventing the likelihood of future product failures based on misleading credit ratings. Briefly justify your opinion. Answers: 1.Residential Mortgage Back Securities and collateralized debt obligations are examples of products that were considered as the failure since the investors were misled in regard to the credit ratings offered for the issued products. As a result of this there was a reduced needs of funding on the part of the issuers (Fong et al., 2014). The failure of Residential Mortgage Back Securities and collateralized debt obligations resulted the investors in losing some proportion of their savings related to superannuation that accounted to a loss of $25 million to $30 million. 2.Following the Global Financial Crisis, the credit rating agencies have adopted certain changes to address the failures. The credit rating agencies have public performance benchmarks scale for credit rating structured which would ultimately narrow the sophistication gap among the arrangers and investors that empowers the investors to perform their own value analysis and gauge into the false ratings. Increased amount of investors vigilance is helpful in promoting more competitive pricing strategies for higher quality debt and determine the tenacious incentives operating in the present work market. Credit rating agencies on their part will be more likely to volunteer their work so that it can accommodate greater public security. 3.Accordingly, these changes are yet to go far enough in preventing the probability of the future product failure based on the misleading credit agencies. Arguably, litigation risk is considered as the way of imposing standards on the credit rating agencies to prevent the recurrence offences. Global developments in this area seems to emphasis on the approach of discouraging the over-dependence on the ratings by the investors at the time of making investments decision. Reference list: Fong, K. Y., Hong, H. G., Kacperczyk, M. T., Kubik, J. D. (2014). Do security analysts discipline credit rating agencies?. Xia, H. (2014). Can investor-paid credit rating agencies improve the information quality of issuer-paid rating agencies?.Journal of Financial Economics,111(2), 450-468.

America and Democracy, at home and abroad, during and just after the First World War

The Balfour Declaration Influence on Formation of Israel

The Balfour Declaration Influence on Formation of Israel Few documents in Middle Eastern history have had as consequential and controversial an influence as the Balfour Declaration of 1917, which has been at the center of the Arab-Israeli conflict over the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. The Balfour Declaration   The Balfour Declaration was a 67-word statement contained within a brief letter attributed to Lord Arthur Balfour, the British foreign secretary, dated November 2, 1917.  Balfour addressed the letter to Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, a British banker, zoologist and Zionist activist who, along with Zionists Chaim Weizmann and Nahum Sokolow, helped draft the declaration much as lobbyists today draft bills for legislators to submit. The declaration was in line with European Zionist leaders hopes and designs for a homeland in Palestine, which they believed would bring about intense immigration of Jews around the world to Palestine. The statement read as follows: His Majestys Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. It was 31 years after this letter, whether willed by the British government or not, that the state of Israel was founded in 1948. Liberal Britain’s Sympathy for Zionism Balfour was part of the liberal government of Prime Minister David Lloyd George. British liberal public opinion believed that Jews had suffered historical injustices, that the West was to blame and the West had a responsibility to enable a Jewish homeland. The push for a Jewish homeland was aided, in Britain and elsewhere, by fundamentalist Christians who encouraged the emigration of Jews as one way to accomplish two goals: depopulate Europe of Jews and fulfill Biblical prophecy. Fundamentalist Christians believe that the return of Christ must be preceded by a Jewish kingdom in the Holy Land). The Declaration’s Controversies The declaration was controversial from the start, and chiefly due to its own imprecise and contradictory wording. The imprecision and contradictions were deliberate- an indication that Lloyd George did not want to be on the hook for the fate of Arabs and Jews in Palestine. The Declaration did not refer to Palestine as the site of the Jewish homeland, but that of a Jewish homeland. That left Britains commitment to an independent Jewish nation very much open to question. That opening was exploited by subsequent interpreters of the declaration, who claimed that it was never intended as an endorsement of a uniquely Jewish state. Rather, that Jews would establish a homeland in Palestine alongside Palestinians and other Arabs established there for almost two millennia. The second part of the declaration- that â€Å"nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of the existing non-Jewish communities†- could be and has been read by Arabs as an endorsement of Arab autonomy and rights, an endorsement as valid as that proffered on behalf of Jews. Britain would, in fact, exercise its League of Nations mandate over Palestine to protect Arab rights, at times at the expense of Jewish rights. Britain’s role has never ceased to be fundamentally contradictory. Demographics in Palestine Before and After Balfour At the time of the declaration in 1917, Palestinians- which were the â€Å"non-Jewish communities in Palestine†- constituted 90 percent of the population there. Jews numbered about 50,000. By 1947, on the eve of Israel’s declaration of independence, Jews numbered 600,000. By then Jews were developing extensive quasi-governmental institutions while provoking increasing resistance from Palestinians. Palestinians staged small uprisings in 1920, 1921, 1929 and 1933, and a major uprising, called the Palestine Arab Revolt, from 1936 to 1939. They were all quashed by a combination of British and, beginning in the 1930s, Jewish forces.

BASICS OF COMPUTER AND PROGRAMS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BASICS OF COMPUTER AND PROGRAMS - Essay Example This means that, without software, a computer cannot be able to carry out any command hence useless. Different categories of software are installed in computers to enable them do tasks as given by the user. This softwares work hand in hand with each other for the computer to carry out its given tasks effectively, below are the two common softwares. Application software is a computer program that is widely known and used for commercial purposes whereby it carries out all regular and specific assignments that a user wants it to do, like calculations, data processing, word processing, communication, games, database management, spreadsheets and other related tasks. Application software is the main reason why the user buys a computer, whereby, it makes the work easier and faster than it could be done manually. The application system is widely used in business, medical and educational fields across the world as it has made the work and assignments in these fields easier. The softwares are known and seen by the end user, and through this, the user create shortcuts that enable him or her to access easily the documents in the machine (Stair, Reynolds and Reynolds, 2008). System software is the main computer software that directs the essential purposes of a computer and it is usually preinstalled within the machine; they are not seen by the user. It allows communication between the hardware and other categories of software; it includes utilities which safeguards and upholds the computer and its operating system. Utilities include software like anti- viruses, disk defragmenters and firewalls, their main purpose is to protect and maintain the computer system from breakdowns. Computer driver devices also fall under system software; in other words, system software gives support to the physical elements of a computer and synchronizes all the external devices like keyboards, printers, displays among others (Nithyashri, 2010). System softwares enables the machine to function ef fectively and accessibly; it protects the machine from any internal and external damages that may cause breakdown. It also ensures that there are servers and workstations that make the tasks easier; on the other hand, application software are tools available in the computer that enable the user‘s work cheaper. Both system and application softwares are beneficial to me as a business end user because through them, I know that my computer will function the moment I turn it on (system software) and that I will complete my calculations and balance my budget easily and faster (application software). Application software will enable me create shortcuts on my machine so that I can access the documents faster and effectively; likewise, the system software will protect my machine from breakdowns in that I will not lose any information or distort my information. Therefore, they will enable me to deliver high quality and quantity services to my clients in time. Types of software packages There are several types of software packages but the eight most popular ones are, word processor; this is a package that enables people to use a computer and to carry out their tasks. These programs enable the user to check out and correct spellings, make some characters italic, bold and underline show the difference and importance of the characters from the rest of the document, standardize the document to the required page layout, save the document for later use or

Mangerial Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mangerial Economics - Assignment Example Since sports is an inelastic product, the increase of price for the sports package from $10 to $25 did not have an effect on the quantity demanded. As noted by Gelles and Mitchell (260), although it increases the MC, the fixed costs remain the same. When we have zero fixed costs, the marginal cost is constant. When StarHub raised the price of the sports package from $7 to $15, the MC remained the same since all cable TV providers pay the content providers a royalty based on the number of subscribers of the content. The increase in content resulted in more subscribers subscribing to the service thus an increase to 504, 000 as at December 2007. Considering that sports is an inelastic product, an increase in price is unlikely to cause a substantial change in the quantity of demand. Therefore, the change that was relevant to StarHub’s pricing of cable television services was the increase of sports package from $10 to $15 since the marginal cost was low. The thematic basic packages need to be reduced from $32.95 to $ 22.95 monthly. The price of the sports package need not to be doubled but increased from $7 to $12 so to reduce the marginal costs. Furthermore, the basic packages need to be increased annually by $3. Lastly, being an inelastic product, the sports package need to be increased from $10 to $30 to cater for the initial costs and operational costs. According to Gilles and Mitchell (261), a firm does charge a price that is beyond the marginal

The Woman Warrior by Maxine Hong Kingston

The Woman Warrior by Maxine Hong Kingston The theme of finding one s own personal voice is the central aim of Kingston in her memoir The Woman Warrior. She makes various references to the physical and emotional struggle of this aim throughout the text by exploring the silence of the women in her family and Chinese culture. By adding her experience as a Chinese-American woman she discovers her voice. Kingston uses autobiography to create identity and therefore breaks out of the silence that has bound her culturally to discover a resonant voice of her own (Wong 58). Kingston supplies a voice to many voiceless women enabling them to discover their identities as individuals. In The Woman Warrior, Kingston utilises her different voices to depict the stories of her ancestors. Through these stories told to her by her mother and her aunt, she is able to express a part of her which her own experiences cannot explain as a Chinese-American female. Her memoir is an intensely autobiographical work, yet her first person presence ranges from constant to, at times, almost non-existent. Overall , throughout the five chapters of The Woman Warrior, there is a movement from the theme of silence in the first line of the first chapter You must not tell anyone to a voice in the final line and the last chapter It translated well (Hong Kingston 3, 209). For Kingston, silence equates to a lack of voice, which she associates with the loss of identity as a woman, which is her main aim of the text. However, she is also aware of the risks involved in asserting independence from her own Chinese community. This idea is explored in the first chapter of the memoir, No Name Woman , where Kingston s aunt acted against her community s standards of suitable behaviour and the villagers punished her for acting as if she could have a private life, secret and apart from them (Hong Kingston 36-37). However, Kingston fear that in staying silent and not finding her own voice, she risks becoming a substitute for her nameless aunt, who remained silent her entire life. Kingston s anxiety is increased by her mother s warning: Don t tell anyone you had an aunt (Hong Kingston 18). But in writing the No Name Woman story, Kingston reacts against the family imposed silence and tells everyone of her aunt. Her aunt s silence, by refusing to name the father of her child, protects the man and simultaneously oppresses her. Kingston gives a voice to the silence woman by writing the aunt s story and theorising how her aunt became pregnant. In doing this, she removes her aunt s guilt and solidifies her identity as a Chinese-American woman. She feels that to remain silent about her aunt would be the same as rejecting her own sense of self. The theme of silence in the text is also linked to the cross-cultural problems that Kingston comes across throughout her own life. Kingston notes that The Chinese I know hide their names; sojourners take new names when their lives change and guard their real names with silence (Hong Kingston 6). The mention of silence not only refers to the hiding of names but also to the confusion of Chinese culture to first-generation Chinese-Americans. Although the women of traditional Chinese culture do not have voices, the stories and myths that female family members pass onto their daughters may contain subversive messages. For example, in the chapter entitled White Tigers , the legend of the Chinese woman warrior Fa Mu Lan is a constant reminder to young Kingston that women can transcend socially enforced limitations. Kingston discusses how as a child, she imagined herself to be like Fa Mu Lan, who saves not only her family but her community: the villagers would make a legend about my perfect filiality (Hong Kingston 45). It is in this chapter that we see how, even as a child, Kingston dreamt of transcending a life of insignificance. Brave Orchid s story of the woman warrior proves how stories and legends of tradition Chinese culture can create alternative, subversive voices for women who otherwise would spend their life in silence due to the dominance of a patriarchal society. Kingston extends her empowerment of women, by providing them with individualised voices, to her own mother. Brave Orchid, her mother, is effectively voiceless in America as although she has lived in America for many years, she does not speak English. As with all the lives of the women in The Woman Warrior, Kingston vocalises and records her mother experiences. The memoir displays Brave Orchid s sacrifices and distinguishes her from the nameless Chinese women living in America. In the chapter At the Western Palace , Kingston s aunt Moon Orchid, reveals how costly remaining silence can be. Moon Orchid relays the tale of a woman, deserted by her husband, who has completely submitted to the patriarchal view that woman should always remain silent and never question male authority. The voicelessness of s Chinese woman living in a traditionally patriarchal society is shown when the woman reluctantly confronts her Americanised husband and is unable to voice her years of rage and grief: But all she did was open and shut her mouth without any words coming out (Hong Kingston 152). Ironically, her loss of speech is the deciding factor in her husband s decision that she has no place in his American life, stating, I have important American guests who come inside my house to eat You can t talk to them. You can barely talk to me (Hong Kinston 153). However, by Kingston writing Moon Orchid s story in her memoir, she is also providing Moon Orchid with an individual voice. In the final chapter of The Woman Warrior, A Song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe , Kingston deals with the generational and cultural conflicts as regards the voice of Chinese-American women. Through her American education, Kingston imagines that Americans hear the language of Chinese as chingchong ugly (Hong Kingston 199). In order for a young Kingston to feel even partially accepted by her American peers, she retracts her voice: We American-Chinese girls had to whisper to make ourselves American-feminine (Hong Kinston 172). However, even as a child, Kingston is aware of the consequences of being without a voice. She describes the hatred she felt for another Chinese girl who refused to speak and how she physically bullied the girl to make her talk. Her hatred for the unspeaking girl is highlighted be her similarity to the girl. The young Kingston fears becoming like this silent girl, who functions as Kingston s alter ego. In this last chapter, Kingston simultaneously questions the customs of the Chinese and the indirect way in which the Chinese speak through observing their code of silence towards Americans regarding their cultural origins and history. This lack of a voice further marginalises Kingston and other first-generation Chinese-Americans as during Kingston s discovery of her voice; she resists putting herself in a state of submission but does, however, purposely present herself poorly to her peers. In Kingstons final look at her past, she tells the story of the poet Ts ai Yen to represent the possibilities of two cultures coming together harmoniously. Kingston identifies with Ts ai Yen s strength in expression and sees them both as women warriors symbolically fighting to link the cultural gap between America and China. In conclusion, Kingstons different voices culminate to constitute the voice of her own subjectivity, to emerge from a past dominated by stories told to her into a present articulated by her own storytelling (Wong 59). The writing of The Woman Warrior, an outlet for her to explore her past, becomes Kingston s remedy for silence her way of discovering her own personal voice and a place as a Chinese-American woman in society.